Long vowels
The subjunctive lengthens the linking vowel: → , → .
Lessons Lesson 25 of 29
Recognise the subjunctive and translate it in purpose, condition and exhortation.
The subjunctive lengthens the linking vowel: → , → .
Only present, aorist (and rarely perfect). The aorist subjunctive has but no augment: , .
Purpose: 'so that you may believe'.
'if (ever)', 'whenever': both take the subjunctive. 'whoever'.
A 1st plural subjunctive can urge: , 'let us love one another'.
+ aorist subjunctive is the strongest 'never': .
Screen 1 of 6
Tap any word to see its dictionary form, parsing and meaning.
, .
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Fill in the blank cells of λύω subjunctive.
A word from a real verse is highlighted. Choose each part of its parsing.
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Parse the marked word from Matt 5:18.
γένηται
ἀμὴν γὰρ λέγω ὑμῖν, ἕως ἂν παρέλθῃ ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ, ἰῶτα ἓν ἢ μία κεραία οὐ μὴ παρέλθῃ ἀπὸ τοῦ νόμου, ἕως ἂν πάντα γένηται. Matt 5:18
Given a dictionary form and a parsing, type the form that matches.
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λύω
present active subjunctive · 1st plural
Choose or type the meaning that fits the marked word in its verse.
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What does the marked word mean here?
ἂν
ὅστις δʼ ἂν ἀρνήσηταί με ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ἀρνήσομαι κἀγὼ αὐτὸν ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς. Matt 10:33
Read a whole verse, tapping any word you need, then answer questions on who does what and parse its new forms.
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Passage 1 of 6, question 1 of 3. Tap any word you need; looking words up never costs you.
, .
Who or what is the subject of ἀρνήσηταί?
This lesson’s words, chart forms and parsings are spaced-review cards. Pass the drills above and they join your review, where each card comes back just before you would forget it. See step 7 for what this lesson adds.
Under each verse in step 6, write your own English and get feedback on each word. It doesn’t count toward the pass mark, so try it whenever a verse makes sense to you.
| Person | present active subjunctive | present middle/passive subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| singular | ||
| 1st | λύω (subjunctive ending) | λύωμαι (subjunctive ending) |
| 2nd | λύῃς (subjunctive ending) | λύῃ (subjunctive ending) |
| 3rd | λύῃ (subjunctive ending) | λύηται (subjunctive ending) |
| plural | ||
| 1st | λύωμεν (subjunctive ending) | λυώμεθα (subjunctive ending) |
| 2nd | λύητε (subjunctive ending) | λύησθε (subjunctive ending) |
| 3rd | λύωσι(ν) (subjunctive ending) | λύωνται (subjunctive ending) |
| Person | aorist active subjunctive | aorist passive subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| singular | ||
| 1st | λύσ (aorist tense sign)ω (subjunctive ending) | λυθ (aorist tense sign)ῶ (subjunctive ending) |
| 2nd | λύσ (aorist tense sign)ῃς (subjunctive ending) | λυθ (aorist tense sign)ῇς (subjunctive ending) |
| 3rd | λύσ (aorist tense sign)ῃ (subjunctive ending) | λυθ (aorist tense sign)ῇ (subjunctive ending) |
| plural | ||
| 1st | λύσ (aorist tense sign)ωμεν (subjunctive ending) | λυθ (aorist tense sign)ῶμεν (subjunctive ending) |
| 2nd | λύσ (aorist tense sign)ητε (subjunctive ending) | λυθ (aorist tense sign)ῆτε (subjunctive ending) |
| 3rd | λύσ (aorist tense sign)ωσι(ν) (subjunctive ending) | λυθ (aorist tense sign)ῶσι(ν) (subjunctive ending) |
Underlined:subjunctive endingaorist tense sign
| Person | present active subjunctive |
|---|---|
| singular | |
| 1st | ὦ (subjunctive form) |
| 2nd | ᾖς (subjunctive form) |
| 3rd | ᾖ (subjunctive form) |
| plural | |
| 1st | ὦμεν (subjunctive form) |
| 2nd | ἦτε (subjunctive form) |
| 3rd | ὦσι(ν) (subjunctive form) |
Underlined:subjunctive form
Every word here is one you know, apart from at most one glossed word. Tap a word to look it up; it shows only what you've learned so far. Answer questions on these verses in the Read a verse drill.
, .
, .
, , ·
, .
· , speak .
One word is glossed for you (you haven’t learned this form yet): εἰπὲ “speak”.
· ; · ,Rabboni .
One word is glossed for you (you haven’t learned this word yet): Ραββουνι “Rabboni”.
Every word in these is one you know.
·
.
,
,
.
Also: 2 charts, 5 parsing items.
Pass the drills with 80% and 40 word cards, 10 chart cards and 5 parsings from this lesson join your review.
35 of the 55 start right away. Writing each word in Greek, and any other cards, wait until you know the meanings.
Sources for this lesson: SBLGNT text CC BY 4.0; MACULA Greek CC BY 4.0 (tokens, parses, english glosses); Berean Interlinear glosses public domain (context_gloss); Dodson lexicon CC0 (vocab gloss).