More false friends
is 'n', is 'r', is a rough 'ch', and is a long 'o'. Don't let the shapes fool you.
Lessons Lesson 2 of 29
Finish the alphabet, write final sigma, and read diphthongs aloud.
is 'n', is 'r', is a rough 'ch', and is a long 'o'. Don't let the shapes fool you.
Sigma is written inside a word and at the end: . Capital is the same for both.
= 'ks', = 'ps', = 'f', = 'th', = 'ch'. Each is one letter in Greek.
Some vowel pairs blend into one sound: , , , , , . sounds like 'oo' in 'food'.
A small iota written under , or ( ) is not pronounced, but it matters for grammar later.
Before another velar, sounds like 'n': is 'angelos'.
Screen 1 of 6
Tap any word to see its dictionary form, parsing and meaning.
In [the]beginningwasthe,WordandtheWordwaswiththe,GodandGodwasthe.Word
Pass the lesson with 80% or more across the scored drills. Read-aloud practice and optional reading never hold you back.
Pick a drill to start. Each one keeps its own score.
A letter appears. Pick its name, or the letter that matches a name.
No answers yet. Pass with 18 of the last 20.
Match letters and letter pairs to their Erasmian sounds, both ways.
No answers yet.
Spell each word in Latin letters, or turn the Latin spelling back into Greek.
No answers yet.
Spell this word in Latin letters.
και
Type each word with the Greek keys. Choose what counts: letters only, then breathings, then accents.
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Type this word in Greek.
και
Trace each lowercase letter with your finger or mouse, in the stroke order shown.
No letters traced yet.
Trace nu, starting at the numbered dot.
ν
These drills come in a later update. Each slot shows what it will ask and the material it will use.
Read each verse aloud along with the recording, then check yourself.
self-assessed in MVP (shadowing against model audio; syllables and accent positions highlighted from `text`). Not counted toward lesson pass; scored drills (sound_match, accent_breathing_id) carry the grade.
| Letter | Capital | Name | Sound | Latin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ν | Ν | nu | n as in net | n |
| ξ | Ξ | xi | x as in ox | x |
| ο | Ο | omicron | o as in obey (short) | o |
| π | Π | pi | p as in pen | p |
| ρ | Ρ | rho | r (lightly rolled) | r |
| σ/ς | Σ | sigma | s as in sit (ς at word end) | s |
| τ | Τ | tau | t as in top | t |
| υ | Υ | upsilon | u as in French tu / German ü | y |
| φ | Φ | phi | f as in phone | ph |
| χ | Χ | chi | ch as in Scottish loch | ch |
| ψ | Ψ | psi | ps as in lips | ps |
| ω | Ω | omega | o as in tone (long) | ō |
| Letters | Sound | Latin |
|---|---|---|
| αι | ai as in aisle | ai |
| ει | ei as in eight | ei |
| οι | oi as in oil | oi |
| υι | we as in suite | ui |
| αυ | ow as in cow | au |
| ευ | eu = e + oo, quickly | eu |
| ηυ | same as ευ | ēu |
| ου | oo as in food | ou |
| ᾳ | as α (iota silent) | ą / ai |
| ῃ | as η (iota silent) | ę̄ / ēi |
| ῳ | as ω (iota silent) | ǭ / ōi |
| γγ γκ γξ γχ | ng, nk, nx, nch | ng nk nx nch |
You can’t understand these verses yet, and that’s fine. Read them aloud, syllable by syllable, and stress each accented syllable. Tap a word to see its letters and meaning.
In [the]beginningwasthe,WordandtheWordwaswiththe,GodandGodwasthe.Word
The [one]notlovingnothas knownthe,GodbecausetheGodlove.is
Weptthe.Jesus
Built only from letters you know, shown without accents and listed by how often they appear in the New Testament.
No review cards from this lesson.
Sources for this lesson: SBLGNT text CC BY 4.0; MACULA Greek CC BY 4.0 (tokens, parses, english glosses); Berean Interlinear glosses public domain (context_gloss); Dodson lexicon CC0 (vocab gloss).